Difference between revisions of "Lubricating Skate Bearings"

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In a perfect world, the bearing spacer (between the bearings) would be made of HT 440C stainless steel or HT SAE 52-100 Chrome Steel, ground to bearing tolerances, just like the inner bearing race would be. 303 Stainless or 6-4 Titanium can be used as a spacer material. Aluminum can only be used as a spacer material in a skateboard bearing assembly when the wheel nut is firmly toruqed against the system. Aluminum can not handle the abuse of the loosly installed environment and will change dimensionally in time. Also, Aluminum spacers that show up in skate bearing kits are almost always too short and are, obviously, of the poorest quality.  
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Proper lubrication of skate bearings (like any bearing) is the key to long lasting, fast bearings. Many skate bearings are supplied with totally inadiquate lubrication for even a day of skating, let alone the expected life of the bearing. Cleaning and lubricating the bearing before use will help ensure maximum performance.
  
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The Oust Spacer is made of aluminum, but I have spoken to them and they have assured me that it is of a very high grade 7000 series alloy that will hold up. I am testing tham now, and they seem to be holding up. The key to having the oust aluminum spacers and washers hold up, would be ensuring that the axle nut was fully tightened, eliminating any sort of play between the bearing and the spacer. This in theory includes shimming the axle to 8mm. Do yourself a favor and get some of the Oust Spacers or ABEC11 spacers and a quality core wheel.
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===Objective===
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The goal in lubricating a skate bearing is to surround the ball with a robust film of grease or oil to provide the contact at the races enough support to glide.
  
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The spacer should usually have a length between 0.400" to 0.440" (skateboard spacing standard plus wheel core tolerance) or 0.300" to 0.340" (roller skate standard plus wheel core tolerance) . Each wheel must be measured individually to find the exact spacing and the spacer must be at least 0.005"-0.010" over this dimention. Some companies are far better than others when it comes to holding this dimension in the wheel. I find that most wheel bearing spacing runs between 0.405" and 0.420". It is always better to space the bearings a little too much than too little. For Builins, it may be necessary to place a 0.005-0.040" spacer shim between the bearings and the spacer since Biltins are cut to exact .400" spacing (duh...Chris!!). This is true for the Oust spacer as well (duh..Karl!!) and it is that way for Powell as well (George, even you?). This step prevents the bearing from running in a higher friction, overly preloaded state. Oust is currently the only manufacturer besides Builtin/ABEC11 that is seriously considering bearing alignment as well as the bearing itself. It is just too bad that they took such a nieve approch and did not bother to measure the wheels on the market.  
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At the very least, the bearing must have at least on sheild on the outside to keep dirt out and lubrication in. A labyrinth neoprene seal on both sides is the best protection, but just getting a set of basic seals is difficult enough.  
  
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Myself and my sponsored riders are currently using custom made 4130 bearing spacers. I personally machine them and fit them to each wheel. For me, only the best will do.  
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A sealed and greased skate bearing is preferred to one that is oiled due to the fact that skateboarders simply do not clean and re-lube at intervals even close to necessary for oil use. Meticulous racers should run an oiled bearing, but only if they clean and re-lube throughout the day. A greased bearing is basically maintenance free, but can be cleaned and re-lubed if need be.
  
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===Greases===
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The bearing cartridge is not to be packed full of grease, only enough to coat the actual balls (20% of open space). Too much grease causes unnecessary pumping friction.
  
  
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The axle nut should be tightened firmly. The only detectable play should be coming from the bearings themselves, not the fit over the axle. For all but Biltins, an 8mm x 11.5mm washer should be placed on either side of the wheel assembly.Selecting a wheel with a high quality core insert will assist in keeping the outer races of the bearings aligned (faster) as much as current skate technology allows. Proper mounting of the outer races requires machined metal cores with fixing rings to lock or preload the outer rings in position. This practice is well beyond the reach of common skate wheel price points. Even in cycling, I know of only one company mounting hub bearings like this , Hadley, a very rare case. Motorcycles manufactures do not even bother with this, but both of these examples do use precision press fit bearings in metal hubs.
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SKF Grease LGLT 2, polyalphaolefin (PAO) synthetic base oils grease with a lithium soap thickener (NLGI Grade 1.5) is considered the standard bearing grease for general skate use. This is some expensive stuff. [http://www.maintenanceproductsdirect.com/Low_Temperature_High_Speed_Bearing_Grease_p/skf-lglt%202.htm Maintenance Products Direct] sells it for $70 per 1.0 kg.
  
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A sealed and greased bearing is preferred to one that is oiled due to the fact that skateboarders simply do not clean and re-lube at intervals even close to necessary for oil use. Meticulous racers should run an oiled bearing, but only if they clean and re-lube throughout the day. A greased bearing is basically maintenance free, but can be cleaned and re-lubed if need be. See SKF's site HERE for cleaning details. The bearing cartridge is not to be packed full of grease, only enough to coat the actual balls (20% of open space). To much grease causes unnecessary friction. NTN has an excellent article on bearing lubrication HERE and another article on care and failure analysis HERE. Torco has an informative artical on grease HERE. SKF Grease LGLT 2, polyalphaolefin (PAO) synthetic base oils grease with a lithium soap thickener (NLGI Grade 1.5) is considered the standard bearing grease for general skate use. This is some expensive stuff. Maintenance Products Direct caries it and it sells for $80 per 1.0 kg. I have a tub of this an would be willing to sell some.
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[[Image:Bearing3.jpg]]
  
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If oiling bearings for max speed, exactly 2 drops of an ISO 13 oil should be applied. may be ok. Basically you need a grease rated at MIL-G-23827. To understand some more details regarding grease specifications read THIS.About the best way to get grease or oil into a skate bearing is by using a syringe. I found some cheap suppliers online. Microtools has a good selection, at good prices, with a variety of needles to choose from (15 guage works well).
 
  
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[http://www.pvdwiki.com/images/4/46/LGLT2_datasheet.pdf SKF LGLT2 Data Sheet]
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===Oils===
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If oiling bearings for max speed, exactly 2 drops of an ISO 13 oil should be applied. Basically you need a grease rated at MIL-G-23827. To understand some more details regarding grease specifications read THIS.
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One of the most popular oils is [http://www.kpg-industrial.com/triflow/ Tri Flow] A Sherman-Williams product available in most bicycle dealers and hardware stores.
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[http://www.pvdwiki.com/images/5/55/Tri-Flow_Industrial_Lubricant.pdf Tri-Flow Data Sheet]
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===Lubrication tools===
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About the best way to get grease or oil into a skate bearing is by using a syringe. I found some cheap suppliers online. Microtools has a good selection of [http://www.micro-tools.com/store/item_detail.aspx?ItemCode=CF10-10 syringes], at good prices, with a variety of [https://www.micro-tools.com/store/item_detail.aspx?ItemCode=KDS15-1 needles] to choose from (15 guage or larger works well).
  
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[http://www.pvdwiki.com/images/4/46/LGLT2_datasheet.pdf SKF LGLT2 Data Sheet]
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[[Image:Bearing8.jpg]]
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===Products to avoid===
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[http://www.wd40.com/Brands/wd40.cfm WD-40] is one of the worst products to ever use for true lubrication. WD-40 is extremly similar to kerosene. Like kerosene, it does have some very weak lubricating properties but is mainly useful as a cleaning agent.
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===External Links===
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[http://www.ntnamerica.com/Engineering/PDFs/2200/lube.pdf NTN on Lubrication]
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<br>
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[http://www.skf.com/portal/skf/home/solutions;jsessionid=RZG500DKAOAE5QFID0MCFE15AAAACIV0?paf_dm=shared&paf_gear_id=600029&contentId=0.000336.000479.000962.001096.000372.001184&action=viewDetail&lang=en SKF on Lubrication and Cleaning].
  
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[http://www.minibearings.com.au/hobby/skate.html minibearings.com]
  
 
[[Category:Skateboard]]
 
[[Category:Skateboard]]
 
[[Category:Bearings]]
 
[[Category:Bearings]]

Latest revision as of 21:34, 30 October 2006

Proper lubrication of skate bearings (like any bearing) is the key to long lasting, fast bearings. Many skate bearings are supplied with totally inadiquate lubrication for even a day of skating, let alone the expected life of the bearing. Cleaning and lubricating the bearing before use will help ensure maximum performance.

Objective

The goal in lubricating a skate bearing is to surround the ball with a robust film of grease or oil to provide the contact at the races enough support to glide.

At the very least, the bearing must have at least on sheild on the outside to keep dirt out and lubrication in. A labyrinth neoprene seal on both sides is the best protection, but just getting a set of basic seals is difficult enough.

A sealed and greased skate bearing is preferred to one that is oiled due to the fact that skateboarders simply do not clean and re-lube at intervals even close to necessary for oil use. Meticulous racers should run an oiled bearing, but only if they clean and re-lube throughout the day. A greased bearing is basically maintenance free, but can be cleaned and re-lubed if need be.

Greases

The bearing cartridge is not to be packed full of grease, only enough to coat the actual balls (20% of open space). Too much grease causes unnecessary pumping friction.


SKF Grease LGLT 2, polyalphaolefin (PAO) synthetic base oils grease with a lithium soap thickener (NLGI Grade 1.5) is considered the standard bearing grease for general skate use. This is some expensive stuff. Maintenance Products Direct sells it for $70 per 1.0 kg.

Bearing3.jpg


SKF LGLT2 Data Sheet

Oils

If oiling bearings for max speed, exactly 2 drops of an ISO 13 oil should be applied. Basically you need a grease rated at MIL-G-23827. To understand some more details regarding grease specifications read THIS.

One of the most popular oils is Tri Flow A Sherman-Williams product available in most bicycle dealers and hardware stores.

Tri-Flow Data Sheet

Lubrication tools

About the best way to get grease or oil into a skate bearing is by using a syringe. I found some cheap suppliers online. Microtools has a good selection of syringes, at good prices, with a variety of needles to choose from (15 guage or larger works well).

Bearing8.jpg

Products to avoid

WD-40 is one of the worst products to ever use for true lubrication. WD-40 is extremly similar to kerosene. Like kerosene, it does have some very weak lubricating properties but is mainly useful as a cleaning agent.

External Links

NTN on Lubrication
SKF on Lubrication and Cleaning.

minibearings.com

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